| 1 | //! Global registry of codec information. |
| 2 | //! |
| 3 | //! This module contains codec information from technical level that allows user to retrieve information about codec type and features without creating and invoking a decoder for such codec. |
| 4 | use std::fmt; |
| 5 | |
| 6 | /// Codec types. |
| 7 | #[derive(Debug,Clone,Copy,PartialEq)] |
| 8 | #[allow(dead_code)] |
| 9 | pub enum CodecType { |
| 10 | /// Video codec. |
| 11 | Video, |
| 12 | /// Audio codec. |
| 13 | Audio, |
| 14 | /// Subtitle codec. |
| 15 | Subtitles, |
| 16 | /// Some special codec (e.g. some event stream or separate timecodes stream). |
| 17 | Data, |
| 18 | /// Dummy codec. |
| 19 | None, |
| 20 | } |
| 21 | |
| 22 | impl fmt::Display for CodecType { |
| 23 | fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { |
| 24 | match *self { |
| 25 | CodecType::Video => write!(f, "Video"), |
| 26 | CodecType::Audio => write!(f, "Audio"), |
| 27 | CodecType::Subtitles => write!(f, "Subtitles"), |
| 28 | CodecType::Data => write!(f, "Data"), |
| 29 | CodecType::None => write!(f, "-"), |
| 30 | } |
| 31 | } |
| 32 | } |
| 33 | |
| 34 | /// Codec capability flag for intra-only codecs. |
| 35 | pub const CODEC_CAP_INTRAONLY:u32 = 0x0001; |
| 36 | /// Codec capability flag for lossless codecs. |
| 37 | pub const CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS:u32 = 0x0002; |
| 38 | /// Codec capability flag for codecs with frame reordering. |
| 39 | pub const CODEC_CAP_REORDER:u32 = 0x0004; |
| 40 | /// Codec capability flag for codecs that can be both lossy and lossless. |
| 41 | pub const CODEC_CAP_HYBRID:u32 = 0x0008; |
| 42 | /// Codec capability flag for codecs with scalability features. |
| 43 | pub const CODEC_CAP_SCALABLE:u32 = 0x0010; |
| 44 | /// Codec capability flag for codecs with complex frame reordering. |
| 45 | pub const CODEC_CAP_COMPLEX_REORDER:u32 = 0x0020; |
| 46 | |
| 47 | /// Codec description structure. |
| 48 | #[derive(Clone)] |
| 49 | pub struct CodecDescription { |
| 50 | /// Short codec name. |
| 51 | /// |
| 52 | /// Short codec name is used inside NihAV as the unique identifier. |
| 53 | pub name: &'static str, |
| 54 | /// Full codec name. |
| 55 | pub fname: &'static str, |
| 56 | /// Codec type. |
| 57 | pub ctype: CodecType, |
| 58 | /// Codec capabilities. |
| 59 | pub caps: u32, |
| 60 | } |
| 61 | |
| 62 | impl CodecDescription { |
| 63 | /// Returns short codec name. |
| 64 | pub fn get_name(&self) -> &'static str { self.name } |
| 65 | /// Returns full codec name. |
| 66 | pub fn get_full_name(&self) -> &'static str { self.fname } |
| 67 | /// Returns codec type. |
| 68 | pub fn get_codec_type(&self) -> CodecType { self.ctype } |
| 69 | /// Reports whether the codec has only intra frames or not. |
| 70 | pub fn is_intraonly(&self) -> bool { (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_INTRAONLY) != 0 } |
| 71 | /// Reports whether the codec is lossless. |
| 72 | pub fn is_lossless(&self) -> bool { (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS) != 0 } |
| 73 | /// Reports whether the codec requires frame reordering. |
| 74 | pub fn has_reorder(&self) -> bool { (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_REORDER) != 0 } |
| 75 | /// Reports whether the codec can be either lossless or lossy. |
| 76 | pub fn is_hybrid(&self) -> bool { (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_HYBRID) != 0 } |
| 77 | /// Reports whether codec supports scalability. |
| 78 | /// |
| 79 | /// Scalability means that codec can be decoded in reduced resolution by design. |
| 80 | pub fn is_scalable(&self) -> bool { (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_SCALABLE) != 0 } |
| 81 | } |
| 82 | |
| 83 | impl fmt::Display for CodecDescription { |
| 84 | fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { |
| 85 | let mut out = self.fname.to_string(); |
| 86 | if self.caps != 0 { |
| 87 | let mut capfmt = "".to_string(); |
| 88 | if (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_INTRAONLY) != 0 { |
| 89 | capfmt = format!("{} Intra-only", capfmt); |
| 90 | } |
| 91 | if (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS) != 0 { |
| 92 | capfmt = format!("{} Lossless", capfmt); |
| 93 | } |
| 94 | if (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_REORDER) != 0 { |
| 95 | capfmt = format!("{} Frame reorder", capfmt); |
| 96 | } |
| 97 | if (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_HYBRID) != 0 { |
| 98 | capfmt = format!("{} Can be lossy and lossless", capfmt); |
| 99 | } |
| 100 | if (self.caps & CODEC_CAP_SCALABLE) != 0 { |
| 101 | capfmt = format!("{} Scalable", capfmt); |
| 102 | } |
| 103 | out = format!("{} ({})", out, capfmt); |
| 104 | } |
| 105 | write!(f, "{}", out) |
| 106 | } |
| 107 | } |
| 108 | |
| 109 | macro_rules! desc { |
| 110 | (video; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 111 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Video, |
| 112 | caps: 0 } |
| 113 | }); |
| 114 | (video; $n:expr, $fn:expr, $c:expr) => ({ |
| 115 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Video, |
| 116 | caps: $c } |
| 117 | }); |
| 118 | (video-ll; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 119 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Video, |
| 120 | caps: CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS | CODEC_CAP_INTRAONLY } |
| 121 | }); |
| 122 | (video-llp; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 123 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Video, |
| 124 | caps: CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS } |
| 125 | }); |
| 126 | (video-im; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 127 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Video, |
| 128 | caps: CODEC_CAP_INTRAONLY } |
| 129 | }); |
| 130 | (video-modern; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 131 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Video, |
| 132 | caps: CODEC_CAP_REORDER | CODEC_CAP_HYBRID } |
| 133 | }); |
| 134 | (audio; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 135 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Audio, |
| 136 | caps: 0 } |
| 137 | }); |
| 138 | (audio-ll; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 139 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Audio, |
| 140 | caps: CODEC_CAP_LOSSLESS | CODEC_CAP_INTRAONLY } |
| 141 | }); |
| 142 | (audio-hyb; $n:expr, $fn:expr) => ({ |
| 143 | CodecDescription{ name: $n, fname: $fn, ctype: CodecType::Audio, |
| 144 | caps: CODEC_CAP_HYBRID } |
| 145 | }); |
| 146 | } |
| 147 | |
| 148 | /// Returns codec description for the provided codec short name if it is found. |
| 149 | pub fn get_codec_description(name: &str) -> Option<&'static CodecDescription> { |
| 150 | for reg in CODEC_REGISTER { |
| 151 | if reg.name == name { |
| 152 | return Some(reg); |
| 153 | } |
| 154 | } |
| 155 | None |
| 156 | } |
| 157 | |
| 158 | static CODEC_REGISTER: &[CodecDescription] = &[ |
| 159 | desc!(audio-ll; "pcm", "PCM"), |
| 160 | desc!(audio; "alaw", "A-law PCM"), |
| 161 | desc!(audio; "ulaw", "mu-law PCM"), |
| 162 | |
| 163 | desc!(video-im; "indeo1", "Intel Raw IF09"), |
| 164 | desc!(video-im; "indeo2", "Intel Indeo 2"), |
| 165 | desc!(video; "indeo3", "Intel Indeo 3"), |
| 166 | desc!(video; "indeo4", "Intel Indeo 4", CODEC_CAP_REORDER | CODEC_CAP_SCALABLE), |
| 167 | desc!(video; "indeo5", "Intel Indeo 5", CODEC_CAP_REORDER | CODEC_CAP_SCALABLE), |
| 168 | desc!(video; "intel263", "Intel I263", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 169 | desc!(audio; "iac", "Intel Indeo audio"), |
| 170 | desc!(audio; "imc", "Intel Music Coder"), |
| 171 | |
| 172 | desc!(video; "realvideo1", "Real Video 1"), |
| 173 | desc!(video; "realvideo2", "Real Video 2", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 174 | desc!(video; "realvideo3", "Real Video 3", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 175 | desc!(video; "realvideo4", "Real Video 4", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 176 | desc!(video; "realvideo6", "Real Video 6", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 177 | desc!(video; "clearvideo", "ClearVideo"), |
| 178 | desc!(video; "clearvideo_rm", "ClearVideo"), |
| 179 | desc!(audio; "ra14.4", "RealAudio 14.4"), |
| 180 | desc!(audio; "ra28.8", "RealAudio 28.8"), |
| 181 | desc!(audio; "cook", "RealAudio Cooker"), |
| 182 | desc!(audio; "ralf", "RealAudio Lossless"), |
| 183 | desc!(audio; "aac", "AAC"), |
| 184 | desc!(audio; "ac3", "ETSI TS 102 366"), |
| 185 | desc!(audio; "atrac3", "Sony Atrac3"), |
| 186 | desc!(audio; "sipro", "Sipro Labs ADPCM"), |
| 187 | |
| 188 | desc!(video; "cinepak", "Cinepak"), |
| 189 | |
| 190 | desc!(video-llp; "zmbv", "Zip Motion Blocks Video"), |
| 191 | |
| 192 | desc!(video; "msvideo1", "MS Video 1"), |
| 193 | desc!(video; "msrle", "MS RLE"), |
| 194 | desc!(audio; "ms-adpcm", "MS ADPCM"), |
| 195 | desc!(audio; "ima-adpcm-ms", "IMA ADPCM (MS variant)"), |
| 196 | |
| 197 | desc!(video; "qt-smc", "Apple Graphics"), |
| 198 | desc!(video; "qt-rle", "Apple Animation"), |
| 199 | desc!(video; "apple-video", "Apple video"), |
| 200 | desc!(video; "sorenson-video", "Sorenson Video"), |
| 201 | desc!(video; "sorenson-video3", "Sorenson Video 3", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 202 | desc!(audio; "mace-3", "MACE 3:1"), |
| 203 | desc!(audio; "mace-6", "MACE 6:1"), |
| 204 | desc!(audio; "ima-adpcm-qt", "IMA ADPCM (Apple variant)"), |
| 205 | desc!(audio; "qdesign-music", "QDesign Music"), |
| 206 | desc!(audio; "qdesign-music2", "QDesign Music v2"), |
| 207 | desc!(audio; "qualcomm-purevoice", "Qualcomm PureVoice"), |
| 208 | |
| 209 | desc!(video; "truemotion1", "TrueMotion 1"), |
| 210 | desc!(video-im; "truemotionrt", "TrueMotion RT"), |
| 211 | desc!(video; "truemotion2", "TrueMotion 2"), |
| 212 | desc!(video; "truemotion2x", "TrueMotion 2X"), |
| 213 | desc!(video; "vp3", "VP3"), |
| 214 | desc!(video; "vp4", "VP4"), |
| 215 | desc!(video; "vp5", "VP5"), |
| 216 | desc!(video; "vp6", "VP6"), |
| 217 | desc!(video; "vp6a", "VP6"), |
| 218 | desc!(video; "vp7", "VP7"), |
| 219 | desc!(video; "vp8", "VP8"), |
| 220 | desc!(video; "vp9", "VP9"), |
| 221 | desc!(audio; "adpcm-dk3", "Duck DK3 ADPCM"), |
| 222 | desc!(audio; "adpcm-dk4", "Duck DK4 ADPCM"), |
| 223 | desc!(audio; "on2avc-500", "On2 AVC"), |
| 224 | desc!(audio; "on2avc-501", "On2 AVC"), |
| 225 | |
| 226 | desc!(video; "gdv-video", "Gremlin Digital Video - video"), |
| 227 | desc!(audio; "gdv-audio", "Gremlin Digital Video - audio"), |
| 228 | desc!(video; "bmv-video", "BMV video"), |
| 229 | desc!(audio; "bmv-audio", "BMV audio"), |
| 230 | desc!(video; "bmv3-video", "DW Noir BMV video"), |
| 231 | desc!(audio; "bmv3-audio", "DW Noir BMV audio"), |
| 232 | desc!(video; "fable-imax", "Fable IMAX video"), |
| 233 | desc!(video; "fst-video", "FutureVision video"), |
| 234 | desc!(audio; "fst-audio", "FutureVision audio"), |
| 235 | desc!(video; "legend-q-video", "Legend Entertainment Q video"), |
| 236 | desc!(video; "midivid", "MidiVid"), |
| 237 | desc!(video; "midivid3", "MidiVid 3"), |
| 238 | desc!(video-ll; "midivid-ll", "MidiVid Lossless"), |
| 239 | desc!(video; "vmd-video", "VMD video"), |
| 240 | desc!(audio; "vmd-audio", "VMD audio"), |
| 241 | desc!(video; "vxvideo", "Actimagine Vx"), |
| 242 | desc!(audio; "vxaudio", "Actimagine Sx"), |
| 243 | |
| 244 | desc!(video; "smacker-video", "Smacker video"), |
| 245 | desc!(audio; "smacker-audio", "Smacker audio"), |
| 246 | desc!(video; "bink-video", "Bink video"), |
| 247 | desc!(video; "bink2-video", "Bink2 video"), |
| 248 | desc!(audio; "bink-audio-dct", "Bink audio (DCT)"), |
| 249 | desc!(audio; "bink-audio-rdft", "Bink audio (RDFT)"), |
| 250 | |
| 251 | desc!(audio; "lhst15f8", "L&H StreamTalk 15kbps at 8 kHz"), |
| 252 | desc!(audio; "lhst250f11", "L&H StreamTalk 25kbps at 11 kHz"), |
| 253 | desc!(audio; "lhst500f22", "L&H StreamTalk 50kpbs at 22 kHz"), |
| 254 | desc!(audio; "lhst48", "L&H StreamTalk CELP Codec 4.8kbps at 8 kHz"), |
| 255 | |
| 256 | desc!(video; "vivo1", "VivoActive Video 1.0"), |
| 257 | desc!(video; "vivo2", "VivoActive Video 2.0", CODEC_CAP_REORDER), |
| 258 | desc!(audio; "g723.1", "ITU G.723.1"), |
| 259 | desc!(audio; "siren", "Polycom Siren"), |
| 260 | |
| 261 | desc!(audio-ll; "ape", "Monkey's Audio"), |
| 262 | desc!(audio-ll; "flac", "Free Lossless Audio Codec"), |
| 263 | desc!(audio-ll; "tta", "True Audio codec"), |
| 264 | desc!(audio-hyb; "wavpack", "WavPack"), |
| 265 | |
| 266 | desc!(video; "h264", "ITU H.264", CODEC_CAP_COMPLEX_REORDER | CODEC_CAP_HYBRID), |
| 267 | ]; |
| 268 | |
| 269 | static AVI_VIDEO_CODEC_REGISTER: &[(&[u8;4], &str)] = &[ |
| 270 | (&[1, 0, 0, 0], "msrle"), |
| 271 | (&[2, 0, 0, 0], "msrle"), |
| 272 | |
| 273 | (b"CRAM", "msvideo1"), |
| 274 | (b"MSVC", "msvideo1"), |
| 275 | (b"WHAM", "msvideo1"), |
| 276 | |
| 277 | (b"IF09", "indeo1"), |
| 278 | (b"RT21", "indeo2"), |
| 279 | (b"IV31", "indeo3"), |
| 280 | (b"IV32", "indeo3"), |
| 281 | (b"IV41", "indeo4"), |
| 282 | (b"IV50", "indeo5"), |
| 283 | (b"I263", "intel263"), |
| 284 | |
| 285 | (b"UCOD", "clearvideo"), |
| 286 | (b"cvid", "cinepak"), |
| 287 | (b"ZMBV", "zmbv"), |
| 288 | |
| 289 | (b"MVDV", "midivid"), |
| 290 | (b"MV30", "midivid3"), |
| 291 | (b"MVLZ", "midivid-ll"), |
| 292 | |
| 293 | (b"DUCK", "truemotion1"), |
| 294 | (b"TR20", "truemotionrt"), |
| 295 | (b"TM20", "truemotion2"), |
| 296 | (b"TM2A", "truemotion2x"), |
| 297 | (b"TM2X", "truemotion2x"), |
| 298 | (b"VP30", "vp3"), |
| 299 | (b"VP31", "vp3"), |
| 300 | (b"VP40", "vp4"), |
| 301 | (b"VP50", "vp5"), |
| 302 | (b"VP60", "vp6"), |
| 303 | (b"VP61", "vp6"), |
| 304 | (b"VP62", "vp6"), |
| 305 | (b"VP6A", "vp6a"), |
| 306 | (b"VP70", "vp7"), |
| 307 | ]; |
| 308 | |
| 309 | static WAV_CODEC_REGISTER: &[(u16, &str)] = &[ |
| 310 | (0x0000, "unknown"), |
| 311 | (0x0001, "pcm"), |
| 312 | (0x0002, "ms-adpcm"), |
| 313 | (0x0003, "pcm"), |
| 314 | (0x0011, "ima-adpcm-ms"), |
| 315 | (0x0061, "adpcm-dk4"), |
| 316 | (0x0062, "adpcm-dk3"), |
| 317 | (0x0401, "imc"), |
| 318 | (0x0402, "iac"), |
| 319 | (0x0500, "on2avc-500"), |
| 320 | (0x0501, "on2avc-501"), |
| 321 | ]; |
| 322 | |
| 323 | static MOV_VIDEO_CODEC_REGISTER: &[(&[u8;4], &str)] = &[ |
| 324 | (b"cvid", "cinepak"), |
| 325 | (b"jpeg", "jpeg"), |
| 326 | //(b"raw ", "raw"), |
| 327 | //(b"Yuv2", "raw"), |
| 328 | (b"smc ", "qt-smc"), |
| 329 | (b"rle ", "qt-rle"), |
| 330 | (b"rpza", "apple-video"), |
| 331 | (b"kpcd", "kodak-photocd"), |
| 332 | //(b"mpeg", "mpeg-video"), |
| 333 | (b"mjpa", "mjpeg-a"), |
| 334 | (b"mjpb", "mjpeg-b"), |
| 335 | (b"svqi", "sorenson-video"), |
| 336 | (b"SVQ1", "sorenson-video"), |
| 337 | (b"svq3", "sorenson-video3"), |
| 338 | (b"SVQ3", "sorenson-video3"), |
| 339 | |
| 340 | (b"IV31", "indeo3"), |
| 341 | (b"IV32", "indeo3"), |
| 342 | |
| 343 | (b"UCOD", "clearvideo"), |
| 344 | |
| 345 | (b"VP30", "vp3"), |
| 346 | (b"VP31", "vp3"), |
| 347 | |
| 348 | (b"avc1", "h264"), |
| 349 | ]; |
| 350 | |
| 351 | static MOV_AUDIO_CODEC_REGISTER: &[(&[u8;4], &str)] = &[ |
| 352 | (b"NONE", "pcm"), |
| 353 | (b"raw ", "pcm"), |
| 354 | (b"twos", "pcm"), |
| 355 | (b"sowt", "pcm"), |
| 356 | (b"fl32", "pcm"), |
| 357 | (b"fl64", "pcm"), |
| 358 | (b"in24", "pcm"), |
| 359 | (b"in32", "pcm"), |
| 360 | (b"MAC3", "mace-3"), |
| 361 | (b"MAC6", "mace-6"), |
| 362 | (b"ima4", "ima-adpcm-qt"), |
| 363 | (b"ulaw", "ulaw"), |
| 364 | (b"alaw", "alaw"), |
| 365 | (b"dvca", "dv-audio"), |
| 366 | (b"QDMC", "qdesign-music"), |
| 367 | (b"QDM2", "qdesign-music2"), |
| 368 | (b"Qclp", "qualcomm-purevoice"), |
| 369 | //(b".mp3", "mpeg-layer3"), |
| 370 | |
| 371 | (b"mp4a", "aac"), |
| 372 | ]; |
| 373 | |
| 374 | /// Returns video codec short name for provided FOURCC (used in AVI format). |
| 375 | pub fn find_codec_from_avi_fourcc(fcc: &[u8;4]) -> Option<&'static str> { |
| 376 | for (fourcc, name) in AVI_VIDEO_CODEC_REGISTER.iter() { |
| 377 | if *fourcc == fcc { return Some(name); } |
| 378 | } |
| 379 | None |
| 380 | } |
| 381 | |
| 382 | /// Returns FOURCC (used in AVI format) for provided codec name. |
| 383 | pub fn find_avi_fourcc(codecname: &str) -> Option<[u8; 4]> { |
| 384 | for (fourcc, name) in AVI_VIDEO_CODEC_REGISTER.iter() { |
| 385 | if *name == codecname { return Some(**fourcc); } |
| 386 | } |
| 387 | None |
| 388 | } |
| 389 | |
| 390 | /// Returns known audio codec short name for provided TWOCC (used in WAV and AVI format). |
| 391 | pub fn find_codec_from_wav_twocc(tcc: u16) -> Option<&'static str> { |
| 392 | for (twocc, name) in WAV_CODEC_REGISTER.iter() { |
| 393 | if *twocc == tcc { return Some(name); } |
| 394 | } |
| 395 | None |
| 396 | } |
| 397 | |
| 398 | /// Returns TWOCC (used in WAV and AVI format for provided codec name. |
| 399 | pub fn find_wav_twocc(codecname: &str) -> Option<u16> { |
| 400 | for (twocc, name) in WAV_CODEC_REGISTER.iter() { |
| 401 | if *name == codecname { return Some(*twocc); } |
| 402 | } |
| 403 | None |
| 404 | } |
| 405 | |
| 406 | /// Returns video codec short name for provided FOURCC (used in MOV format). |
| 407 | pub fn find_codec_from_mov_video_fourcc(fcc: &[u8;4]) -> Option<&'static str> { |
| 408 | for (fourcc, name) in MOV_VIDEO_CODEC_REGISTER.iter() { |
| 409 | if *fourcc == fcc { return Some(name); } |
| 410 | } |
| 411 | None |
| 412 | } |
| 413 | |
| 414 | /// Returns known audio codec short name for provided FOURCC (used in MOV format). |
| 415 | pub fn find_codec_from_mov_audio_fourcc(fcc: &[u8;4]) -> Option<&'static str> { |
| 416 | for (fourcc, name) in MOV_AUDIO_CODEC_REGISTER.iter() { |
| 417 | if *fourcc == fcc { return Some(name); } |
| 418 | } |
| 419 | None |
| 420 | } |
| 421 | |
| 422 | #[cfg(test)] |
| 423 | mod test { |
| 424 | use super::*; |
| 425 | |
| 426 | #[test] |
| 427 | fn test_register() { |
| 428 | let c1 = find_codec_from_avi_fourcc(b"IV41").unwrap(); |
| 429 | let c2 = find_codec_from_wav_twocc(0x401).unwrap(); |
| 430 | println!("found {} and {}", c1, c2); |
| 431 | let cd1 = get_codec_description(c1).unwrap(); |
| 432 | let cd2 = get_codec_description(c2).unwrap(); |
| 433 | println!("got {} and {}", cd1, cd2); |
| 434 | } |
| 435 | } |